The catkins mature into fruit, which split open and disperse many cottony seeds.

Black cottonwood resin has disinfectant properties and has been used by Coast Salish people for sore throats and coughs as well as being applied directly to wounds to prevent infection. Catkins appear before the leaves in … Diagnostic Characters: The thick, heart-shaped or triangular leaves of Black Cottonwood grow from 2 to 6 inches (5-15m) long, sometimes larger. Phaeton's sisters made such a fuss mourning his death that the gods transformed them into black poplars. After releasing their pollen, male stamens are shed. Male catkins are 1” long, and produce up to 60 stamens. Buds are sticky with resin and are fragrant. Each tree contains either female or male catkins.
The catkins then grow into green fruits that grow in drupes.


They often grow along rivers and stream banks. They have both male and female flowers which grow in separate catkins (long, caterpillar-like strands). The bark is grey and covered with lenticels, becoming thick and deeply fissured on old trees. Black cottonwood also has been planted as windbreaks and shelterbelts and it is commonly used for screening along motorways in Europe. Black cottonwood leaf bud scales fall to the ground after leaves emerge. The wood of the trunk is somewhat soft and whitish, aging to gray, and deeply furrowed in older individuals. Populus nigra, which usually goes by the name of black cottonwood or black … Black cottonwood is the largest and tallest of the poplars, growing 2'-3' (or more) in diameter and well over 100' tall with a broad open crown. Conservation: Black cottonwood is a very fast-growing and potentially large tree, easy to establish, and useful for shade and ornament. Trees begin to flower after 10 years of growth. The buds continue to grow through the winter months and then erupt into catkins and leaves in the beginning of spring. The Iroquois used cottonwood to kill worms in adults, arthritis, skin eruptions and scabs and a decoction of bark taken as a laxative. The third and fourth pictures show pistillate catkins. Black Cottonwood Populus balsamifera Prevalence: Abundant Elevation: Low to mid-elevation river and stream areas throughout the park Flowers: Catkins, with male and female on separate plants: male catkins 1.3-2.3 in (3.5-6 cm) and each flower with 30-60 stamens; female catkin 2-4 in (5-10 cm) and each flower has 3 stigmas

Black cottonwoods bear catkins, small clusters of tiny flowers. It is also said that fallen red male catkins …

Aside from their great girth, stature and beauty, black cottonwoods are generous seeders and sprouters.

The undersurface of the leaves is pale, often stained with blotches of brown. The female flowers mature into 4-inch long branches of light green capsules that split open in late spring and early summer and fill the air with white cotton-like plumes bearing seeds. A cottonwood in Willamette Mission State Park near Salem, Oregon, holds the national and world records. The male and female trees each produce dangling catkins… Black cottonwood is the tallest native western hardwood. Last measured in April, 2008, this black cottonwood was found to be standing at 155 ft (47 m) tall, 29 ft (8.8 m) around, with 527 points. The flowers generally bloom in the spring before the leaves come out.

Did you know? Black cottonwood is normally a dioecious species, with male and female catkins produced on separate trees.

According to Greek mythology, the black poplar was created after Phaeton’s fatal attempt to drive Apollo’s chariot. The aggressive root systems of black cottonwood are effective soil Black cottonwood trees can grow up to 100 ft in height. The more tender inner bark was used for food in the spring and summer, and old dead leaves were boiled and used in baths to treat body aches and stomach problems. The bud scales have resins useful to bees and people.

Black Cottonwood (Populus Nigra) This type of cottonwood tree is native to Europe but has spread to various other parts of the world including Asia, Africa and different areas in the US, particularly those in the west. The tallest native cottonwood, the black cottonwood has an open crown of erect branches and sticky, resinous buds with a balsam odor.


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